The effect of resistance training on some starting and achievement variables for discus throwers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37359/JOPE.V37(4)2025.2237الكلمات المفتاحية:
Resistance Training، Starting Phase Variables، Bumper Grid، Achievement، Discus Throwالملخص
The study aimed to design resistance training for discus throwers, identify their starting and performance variables, and examine the effect of resistance training on developing these variables. The researchers employed an experimental approach with two equivalent groups using pre- and post-tests, suitable for the research problem. The research population included female athletes participating in the Iraqi Athletics Clubs and Institutions Championship in November 2022, with 13 participants. Eight athletes were selected based on achievement levels and research requirements. They were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (4 athletes) training with resistance according to a graduated bumper network, and a control group (4 athletes) following standard trainer-led exercises. This represented 61.54% of the research population. The results showed that resistance training significantly improved starting angles, launch height, and discus velocity, with the bumper network playing a crucial role in angle adjustment and providing immediate feedback for technical corrections. The combination of resistance exercises and network-guided practice enhanced coordination, muscle activation, and overall performance. The study concluded that incorporating resistance training with a structured bumper network is highly effective in improving discus throwers’ technical and performance outcomes. Researchers recommended adopting such training methods to maximize achievement, develop biomechanical efficiency, and optimize launch angles for better results in competitive performance.
المراجع
ABDULGHANI, L. Y., ABDULGHANI, M. Y., & ABDULKAREEM, O. W. Designing a palm pressure measurement device to improve motor coordination in freestyle swimming among female students.
Alawi, M. H., & Rateb, O. K. (1999). Scientific research in physical education and sports psychology (Vol. 1). Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi.
Amer Abdulhussain, A., Sinan Atiyah, H., Hussain Jaber, O., Ridha Ghanim, M., Hashim Hammood, A., & Mohammed Saleh, Y. The Impact of Jesko's Strategy with Sequential Exercises on Learning the Skill of Dribbling in Basketball. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 0-0.
Bartlett, R. (1999, October 6). The biomechanics of the discus throw. Journal of Sport Science, 46–51.
Bastoosi, A. (1998). Principles and theories of movement. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi.
Clements, M. (1996). Research into sprint start: Kinetic and kinematic factors. New Studies in Athletics, IAAF.
Easa, F. A. W., Shihab, G. M., & Kahdim, M. J. (2022). the Effect of Training Network Training in Two Ways, High Interval Training and Repetition To Develop Speed Endurance Adapt Heart Rate and Achieve 5000 Meters Youth. Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte, 17(4), 239-241.
Ebben, W. (2007). Practical guidelines for plyometric intensity. Performance Training Journal, National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA), 34.
Hayder, F. A., Dahash, A. M., & Abdullah, S. H. (2019). International competition regulations (Vol. 2). Baghdad.
Hussain, F. M., Shuhaib, M. H., & Hassan, M. F. A. (2024). Psychological Toughness and its Relationship to Some Coordination, Physical Abilities and Accuracy of Some Basic Skills Performance Among The Iraqi Junior National Handball Team Players. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 7(Special Issue 2): The Second International Scientific Conference: Sports for Health and Sustainable Development,(SHSD, 2024)), 330-336.
Jams, G. H. (1976). The biomechanics of sports techniques. Prentice Hall.
Kadhim, M. J. (2023). Examining The Relationship Between Social Classes And The Culture Of Poverty: A Case Study. International Journal of Social Trends, 1(1), 23-27.
Khalid, K. J., & Majid, M. S. (2017). The effect of resistance torque training on body segments in developing instantaneous push efficiency, fluidity, and acceleration in youth discus throwers. Journal of Sports Education Science, 10(7), 11–23.
Khalidi, M. J., & Sahib, I. S. (2023). Effect of resistance training using assistive devices on some release and performance variables in F55 female athletes with special needs in discus throw. Al-Kufa Journal for Physical Education Sciences, 4(4), 453–475.
McCoy, R. W., et al. (2005). Kinematic analysis of discus throwers. Track Technique, 91.
Paish, W. S. (2022). Tions of the new discats (Vol. 2). New Studies in Athletics.
Regional Development Center for Athletics. (2004). Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of javelin throwers in the World Athletics Championship (1999). Cairo, 36.
Saad, J. J. (2013). Training with added weights for the legs and its effect on some physical and performance variables of national discus throwers. Master’s thesis, University of Baghdad, Baghdad.
Salamah, O. A. (2013). The effect of specialized training according to mass and velocity variables in developing some physical capacities, biomechanical variables, and performance in youth discus throwers. Unpublished master’s thesis, University of Diyala, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.
Waleed Abdulkareem, O., & Sattar Jabbar, H. (2025). Comparative Biomechanical Analysis of Three-Point Shooting Between Elite Iraqi Basketball Players and International Counterparts. Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 11(3), 326-342.
Yahya, S. Z., Rida, B. K. A., & Abdulkareem, O. W. (2024). The effect of a laser device on some biomechanical variables of the rotational phase in the achievement of 100 m freestyle swimming for the Iraqi team (16-18 years old). Scientific Journal of Sport and Performance, 3(4), 507-512.
Z.K., B. A. (1995). Biomechanics of the throwing event: Introduction to a simplified way of analyzing with normal weights equipment in relation to the expressed information given in the throwing events (Vol. 2, 2nd ed.).
Zahid, A. H. (2009). Mechanics of training and teaching track and field events (Vol. 1). Cairo: Center for Publishing.
التنزيلات
منشور
إصدار
القسم
الرخصة
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2025 Journal of Physical Education
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
